ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT A new lactone, 7-epi-griffonilide (1), and six known compounds, 2, 3a - 3c, 4a and 4b, were isolated from the leaves of Bauhinia pentandra (Fabaceae). The structures elucidation of 1 and 2 were based on detailed 2D NMR techniques and spectral comparison with related compounds, leading to complete assignment of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra.
Subject(s)
Plant Leaves/chemistry , Bauhinia/chemistry , Lactones/isolation & purification , Lactones/chemistry , Reference Values , Stereoisomerism , Molecular Structure , Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methodsABSTRACT
Abstract One bioactive compound, identified as alternariol 9-methyl ether, was isolated from the crude extract of the endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. Samif01 residing in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Alternariol 9-methyl ether was active against bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 25 to 75 µg/mL and median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 16.00 to 38.27 µg/mL. The IC50 value of alternariol 9-methyl ether against spore germination of Magnaporthe oryzae was 87.18 µg/mL. Alternariol 9-methyl ether also showed antinematodal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Caenorhabditis elegans with IC50 values of 98.17 µg/mL and 74.62 µg/mL, respectively. This work is the first report on alternariol 9-methyl ether and its biological activities from the endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. Samif01 derived from S. miltiorrhiza Bunge. The results indicate the potential of Alternaria sp. Samif01 as a source of alternariol 9-methyl ether and also support that alternariol 9-methyl ether is a natural compound with high potential bioactivity against microorganisms.
Subject(s)
Animals , Alternaria/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents/isolation & purification , Endophytes/chemistry , Lactones/isolation & purification , Alternaria/isolation & purification , Anti-Infective Agents/metabolism , Bacteria/drug effects , Endophytes/isolation & purification , Lactones/metabolism , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Magnaporthe/drug effects , Nematoda/drug effects , Plant Roots/microbiology , Salvia/microbiologyABSTRACT
Sesquiterpene lactones of the plants Viguiera sylvatica and Decachaeta thieleana (Asteraceae) modulate nitric oxide production and phagocytosis of macrophages cell line RAW. Different species of the Asteraceae family are a potential source of sesquiterpene lactones with anti-inflammatory properties. Macrophages play a central role in the regulation of immune responses. In the present study, the in vitro effect of two sesquiterpene lactones, a millerenolide and a thieleanin, was assessed by measuring the production of nitric oxide (NO) by cell line RAW (murine macrophages) using the Griess reagent. Additionally, the effect of these sesquiterpene lactones on phagocytic capacity of latex particles and the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) were evaluated microscopically. Treatment of macrophages with >2.5 µg/ml of both sesquiterpene lactones, reduced the production of NO. A decreased number of macrophages able to reduce NBT were observed when these cells were treated with 3 µg/ml of millerenolide or 7.5 µg/ml of thieleanin. Treatment of macrophages with 4 µg/ml of millerenolide or 7.5 µg/ml of thieleanin, reduced the phagocytic capacity of macrophages. Cytotoxic effects on the macrophages were only observed when the concentration was increased to 8 µg/ml of millerenolide or 25 µg/ml of thieleanin. Our results suggest that these sesquiterpene lactones could be useful compounds in the elaboration of anti-inflammatory drugs. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (3): 1063-1073. Epub 2008 September 30.
Las plantas de la familia Asteraceae son una fuente potencial de lactonas sesquiterpénicas con propiedades antiinflamatorias. Los macrófagos son células que desempeñan una función central en la regulación de la respuesta inmune. Este estudio evaluó el efecto in vitro de dos lactonas sesquiterpénicas, un millerenólido y thieleanina, sobre la producción de óxido nítrico (NO) en una línea celular de macrófagos de ratón (RAW), utilizando el reactivo de Griess. Además, se estudió el efecto sobre la capacidad fagocítica de RAW, evaluando al microscopio la fagocitosis de partículas inertes de látex y la reducción de nitroazul de tetrazolio (NBT). Se observó que los macrófagos tratados con lactona sesquiterpénica (>2.5 µg/ml) disminuyeron la producción de NO. Además, se observó una disminución de la cantidad de macrófagos capaces de reducir NBT, después que fueron tratados con millerenólido (3 µg/ml) o thieleanina (7.5 µg/ ml). Por otro lado, la exposición a 4 µg/ml de millerenólido ó 7.5 µg/ml de thieleanina redujo la cantidad promedio de partículas de látex fagocitadas. No se observaron diferencias entre tratamientos y control en cuanto al porcentaje de células fagocíticas. Sólo se observaron efectos citotóxicos sobre los macrófagos, cuando la concentración de millerenólido se incrementó a 8 µg/ml o la de thieleanina se aumentó a 25 µg/ml. Estos resultados sugieren que el millerenólido y la thieleanina podrían ser compuestos útiles en la elaboración de drogas antiinflamatorias.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Asteraceae/chemistry , Lactones/pharmacology , Macrophages/drug effects , Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis , Phagocytosis/drug effects , Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology , Cell Line , Lactones/chemistry , Lactones/isolation & purification , Macrophages/physiology , Sesquiterpenes/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Estudou-se o efeito terapêutico da lactona sesquiterpênica (SL), 4,15-Epoxy-miller-9-Z-enolide, na lesão local do envenenamento botrópico experimental. Utilizaram-se três grupos de coelhos inoculados com 1.0æg de veneno de Bothrops alternatus e tratados com solução NaCl (0,85 por cento) (grupo I), SL diluída em glicerol (0,5 por cento) (grupo II) e SL diluída em vaselina (0,5 por cento) (grupo III). Todos os animais foram avaliados nos tempos 30min e 1, 2, 24, 30, 48, 54, 72, 96, 120 e 148h quanto ao grau de edema, diâmetro do halo hemorrágico e presença de necrose local. Os animais do grupo II apresentaram os menores valores de grau de edema e halo hemorrágico com desaparecimento em 54h. Apesar de a necrose ter ocorrido em todos os animais, o diâmetro também foi menor no grupo II, quando comparado com os outros grupos. A SL, extraída da Milleria quinqueflora, possui efeito antiinflamatório, que é importante no tratamento local do envenenamento botrópico.
Subject(s)
Animals , Lactones/isolation & purification , Lactones/therapeutic use , Snake Bites/complications , Snake Bites/veterinary , RabbitsABSTRACT
La especie Ambrosia arborescens mill de la familia asteracea, contiene cuatro lactonas sesquiterpénicas. Fueron identificadas dos lactonas: la damsina, comprobada mediante cromatografía en capa fina y punto de fusión, y que la coronopulínea cuya estructura fue determinada mediante sus constantes físicas, espectroscópicas, uv, Ir y formación de derivados, una tercera lactona sesquiterpénica cristalizable y una cuarta, que sólo se llegó a aislar; no pudieron ser identificadas por la proporción en que se encontraban presentes en la muestra.
Subject(s)
Lactones/isolation & purification , Plants/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purification , Chromatography/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
From chrysanthemum vulgare [L.] Bernh. Three sequiterpene lactones were isolated and identified as 3 beta-hydroxycostunolide [I], 2 alpha, 8 beta-dihydroxycostunolide [II] and tatridin B [III]. In addition, three flavonoids viz. apigenin, luteolin and apigenin-7-0-glucoside were isolated. The structures of these compounds were depicted through spectral studies. All the isolated compounds were reported for the first time from the titled plant